Lesson Plan - Remembering 9/11

About the Article

Learning Objective

Students will analyze and integrate information from primary and secondary sources  to learn about the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and their impact.

Curriculum Connections

• Terrorism and 9/11

• New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington, D.C.

• First Responders

• The War in Afghanistan

Key Skills

Social Studies:

• Analyze the causes and consequences of events

• Understand how lived experiences shape personal identity and development

• Explore how individuals and institutions interact

English Language Arts:

• Cite textual evidence to support analysis

• Summarize key supporting details and ideas

• Integrate information presented in multiple formats

Key CCSS Standards

RH.6-8.1, RH.6-8.2, RH.6-8.4, RH.6-8.7, RH.6-8.9, WHST.6-8.2, RI.6-8.1, RI.6-8.2, RI.6-8.4, RI.6-8.7, RI.6-8.9, W.6-8.2, SL.6-8.1

1. Preparing to Read

Build Background Knowledge

Download the Skill Builder Charting Your Knowledge from the Graphic Organizer Library at junior.scholastic.com/library. Have students complete the first two columns of the KWL chart with what they know about 9/11 and what they want to know. Then have students watch the video “Remembering 9/11” and add notes to the last column. You might use Think-Pair-Share to discuss responses.

Preview Vocabulary

Use the online Skill Builder Words to Know to preteach the domain-specific terms Capitol, colleague, elite, EMT, extremist, federal, first responder, Ground Zero, hijack, Middle East, pandemic, Pentagon, stock market, terrorist, and vigil. Have students refer to the Skill Builder as they read.

2. Reading and Discussing

Read the Article

Read the article aloud or have students read it independently or in pairs. Have students complete the last column of Charting Your Knowledge as they read.

Answer Close-Reading Questions

Have students write their responses, or use the Close-Reading Questions to guide a discussion.

• Summarize the section “Terror From the Sky.” (Summarizing)
On the morning of September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four airplanes. When the first one hit the North Tower of the World Trade Center at 8:46 a.m., many people thought it was an accident. When a second plane flew into the South Tower shortly after, people realized that the U.S. was being attacked. A third plane crashed into the Pentagon, just outside Washington, D.C. The fourth plane crashed into a field in Pennsylvania after passengers battled the terrorists and kept the plane from hitting its target, which may have been the U.S. Capitol or the White House. Back in New York City, both of the towers collapsed and people had to run for their lives. The terrorist group Al Qaeda claimed responsibility for the attacks.

• What is Al Qaeda? (Key Details)
Osama bin Laden, a millionaire from Saudi Arabia, founded Al Qaeda in the late 1980s. The terrorist group follows an extreme form of Islam that most Muslim people do not agree with. It has violently attacked several countries for what it considers crimes against Islam. At the time of 9/11, it was mostly working from Afghanistan.

• How does Richard Viglione Jr.’s account help you understand the events of 9/11? (Primary Sources)
Viglione explains how he was working at an investment bank across the street from the Twin Towers that morning. His account helps me understand how surprising the events were. He describes the sounds of the collision and ringing phones. He provides a timeline of the events and shows how scared and confused everyone was because “nobody had experienced anything like this before.” His description of crossing the Brooklyn Bridge with two strangers and getting a ride home shows how people worked together to help each other after the attacks.

• How did the U.S. government respond to the 9/11 attacks? (Cause and Effect)
In October 2001, the U.S. and other countries invaded Afghanistan, where the extremist Taliban government was protecting Al Qaeda. The Taliban was quickly removed from power, but bin Laden escaped. He wasn’t found and killed until May 2, 2011, in Pakistan. The war in Afghanistan would become the longest war in U.S. history, with President Joe Biden announcing in April 2021 that all U.S. combat troops would leave the country by the 20th anniversary of the attacks. The U.S. government also responded to 9/11 by passing new laws to protect against future attacks, such as laws that increased security at airports.

• What details support the idea that “in many ways, the events of 9/11 also brought Americans together”? (Text Evidence)
After the attacks, people around the world held candlelight vigils to remember and mourn the almost 3,000 people who died. Many people volunteered to look for survivors at Ground Zero and help first responders. People comforted survivors and those who lost friends, family members, or colleagues. Viglione was inspired by the firefighters he saw risk their lives that morning and decided to take the test for the Fire Academy in 2003.

• Choose one of the photographs from the story to analyze. What do you notice about it? What do you wonder? (Text Features)
Sample response: In the photo of the firefighters working amid the ruins of the towers, I notice how hazy and smoky the air is and that they are wearing masks or face coverings to try to protect themselves. It’s hard to see the parts of the building that are still standing and tilting. Firefighters look like they’re working to extend a fire hose. I wonder how the events of 9/11 affected them and whether they ended up with any health problems from breathing that air. I also wonder how long it took to clean up everything at Ground Zero.

3. Skill Building

Develop Visual and Media Literacy

Use the Skill Builder Primary Source: Analyze a News Photo to have students study and answer questions about the iconic photo of President Barack Obama and other U.S. officials watching the raid on Osama bin Laden’s compound in 2011. Guide students to make inferences and discuss responses.

Assess Comprehension

Use Quiz Wizard to assess comprehension of this article and three others from the issue.

Printable Lesson Plan

Interactive Slide Deck

Text-to-Speech